My Favourite Quotation About Love Essay

â€Å"By blood, I am Albanian. By citizenship, an Indian. By faith, I am a Catholic nun. As to my calling, I belong to the world. As to my heart, I belong entirely to the Heart of Jesus. †Hearing these words, can you guess who she is? Yes, that is Mother Teresa and my fovourite quotation about love is just from her â€Å"not all of us can do great things, but we can do small things with great love. † Mother Teresa had devoted her whole life to minister to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying mainly in poor areas of India and other countries. From the photo we can see that Mother Teresa is a very thin and weak woman with a small face full of wrinkles like an old and dry trunk of the tree. However, it is she who received 1979 nobel peace prize but refused the conventional ceremonial banquet given to laureates, and asked that the $192,000 funds be given to the poor in India. It is she who was named 18 times in the yearly Gallup’s most admired man and woman poll? as one of the ten women around the world that Americans admired most. How can a skinny woman like her managed to do those things? I have been thinking for a long time, the answer lies in the quotation â€Å"do small things with great love†. As we all know, not everyone was born with a silver spoon in his mouth, so we have the ability to donate a large amount of money to charities; not everyone can reach the top position like president or chairman that can decide the life and death of millions of people; not everyone can be the hero that salve the world from disasters. We are just ordinary people with an ordinary life, usually timid not courageous, thoughtful but not determined, kind but afraid to show it, but it dose not mean we are not important, because everything matters if is done with great love even it is very small. The quotation of Mother Teresa tells us the very truth, that is, help and love the people around you , even the favor is so small but the great love behind it is priceless, and this love can grow and be passed to every corner of the world. I would like to tell you a story of Zhang Shuangbin,the writer of a book called the women in wartime, which is a research report of the sex slaves caught by the Japanese army during the second world war in ShanXi Province. Mr. Zhang is a teacher in a small primary school of countryside in ShanXi. In 1980s he accidently met an old women collecting earheads in filed and was deeply moved by her story. That woman is the first war victim from mainland China who accused Japanese army of sex violence during the wartime. What you do not know is that it took Mr.  Zhang 10 years to persuade the old woman to speak out the truth to the whole world, because those women are usually ashamed to talk about the life as a comfort woman . In order to look for those witness and victim alive, he went to hundreds of mountains and villages and surveyed thousands of women, and has written 100 thousands of reports, providing valid evidence for suing Japanese government. After reading his book, I am not only shocked by the nasty and brutal thing done to those poor women but also impressed by Mr.  Zhang’s determination and persistence. Then I finally contacted with Mr. Zhang through QQ, and he told me that there are many old women living in poor condition in rural area, because they have been raped by Japanese and nobody wanted to marry them. As a result, they have no offspring to take care of. Suddenly I came up with an idea that I should translate the book into English to let the people of the world know the truth and look for help globally, because â€Å"not all of us can do great things, but we can do small things with great love. If everyone helps those poor women a little bit, the drop of love will come together into river and then ocean. Love the people around you, help the people in need, do not underestimate your help because the love behind it is great. The story of Mr, Zhang is true. He and those war victims still need your help. Not all of us can do great things, but we can do small things with great love. If you want to help, please contact me.

Nursing Managment Essay

Article Review of â€Å"A Handoff Report Card for General Nursing Orientation This article examines the strengths and weakness of the orientation process of new grads or new nurses to a unit or hospital. By the use of a 100 point score report card containing a summary of the nurses skills, knowledge, and also use of the Benner which measure clinical performance and critical thinking. The article addresses the use of a report card to better communicate the strengths and weakness of the orientees’. This report card is handed off to the next person in whom the new nurses will orient. The handoff is designed to create continuity and accuracy. An example of the type of data that would be measured by the handoff report includes items such as the nurses’ experiences and documentation of strengths and areas that need to be developed or improved. The report card is based on 3 assessments 1. The orientees own self-assessment 2. The instructor’s assessment 3. Competition of competencies From the first day on the unit, the nurse identifies his/her learning type using Benner’s Theory. This provides the nurse with a baseline of where their own individual level of development has reached, as well as, the preceptor, manager, or instructor. Secondly, the instructor assessment measures the orientees’ knowledge and performance. This report card is divided into 4 areas of measurement. The types of areas of measurement are areas such as: nursing interventions, documentation, critical thinking, nursing behaviors, clinical judgment, and several other areas. The last area of measurement is the nurses’ skill level. Several types of competencies were set up to determine if the nurse was competent to function on the unit. In conclusion, the report card was discussed with the leadership team, so that the orientation is more focused on the needs of the oreintee, based on the unit in which the orientee is being trained to work. As I was reading this article, it re minded me of an article that we had read at work. In the American Journal of Critical Care 2009, there was a research study completed to determine the best way to evaluate the new grads, new nurses, and it also evaluated the current nursing staff. In the study, most of the data that was returned was from the new grads. The suspected reasoning was the enthusiasm of the new grads. But the overall outcome, was positive, but mostly helped the management team to better evaluate the competency of their nurses. Currently, in the unit I work in we are challenged with determining the strengths and weakness of our newly hired nurses. Some of the nurses stated that they came to our unit with experience from different venues; however, their level of care has left us with many voids. I personally, enjoyed both articles and the effort of increasing critical thinking and professional behaviors on the clinical floor. Remember we all one day may be patients. Hargraves, L., Nichols, A., Shanks, S., & Halamak, L. (2010). A Handoff Report Card for General Nursing Orientation. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 40(10), 424-431. Kleinpell, R. (2009). Evidenced Based Review Discussion Points. American Journal of Critical care, 18(3), 261-262.

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Macroeconomics - Essay Example While this was unfavourable for many investors who had invested in treasury bills, it provided an opportunity for investment banks to borrow money at this low interest rate and invest in real estate industry where they would get good returns. In this case, the bank would turn the borrowed money into securities which it would sell to home owners and get regular payments from all those mortgages. Initially, this turned out to be a highly profitable venture for both the lenders and the banks with up to 10% return on investment. However, with time most people who could afford a mortgage had taken one and this caused a reduction in the number of new mortgage applicants. This compelled the banks to open up the mortgages to other potential home owners by removing all restrictions on securities. This encouraged many home owners to take up mortgages. Unfortunately, many could not afford to repay the mortgages. This led to a high number of defaulters and higher-than-expected home foreclosure rates. Suddenly, there were too many homes up for sale in the market which exceeded the demand thereby resulting in a decline in the home value. The financial market had a major role to play in the 2007 great recession. First, the low interest rates offered by the central bank in response to the 9/11 tragedy fuelled the already rising housing bubble by the sub-prime mortgages and the related derivatives. In addition, the absence of regulation of the financial institutions involved in the sub-prime mortgage lending led to unprecedented growth of the real estate market and so did fraud. The bursting of the housing bubble led to meltdown of the three principal derivative securities that had guarded the industry, namely Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO), Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) and Credit Default Swap (CDS) which eventually paralyzed the very supple and resilient financial market with its spill over into the entire

Case study and phenomenal study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case study and phenomenal study - Essay Example 2). The difference between the two may appear in terms of their applicability. Case study is largely generic in its usage and understanding, the phenomenological study in contrast largely pertains to the cognitive understanding of the human mind, ability and power to reason. Case study would be more important when the previously undertaken models, patterns and policies are addressed and undertaken for purpose of study. The phenomenological study in contrast may be directed towards the educational sector when the role of single unit or single individual is under scrutiny. The kind of research question undertaken and asked for is directly reflective of the nature of research undertaken. If a given question is about a whole scenario and its overall outcome, it can be attributed to the study and assessment in terms of the case study. In case a particular domain has been subjected to determining its influence or finding the potential alternatives, then it would be considered for a different version of research (Schalk, 2009, p

The Vikings Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Vikings - Research Paper Example The Vikings abandoned their homes and travelled into Europe and settled there. However, there is no vivid explanation of what made the Scandinavians to leave their homelands permanently to settle abroad. The Vikings left their Scandinavian homelands and expanded across Western Europe and they also traded with locals and raided coastal regions and as a result of their intense contact, many words across Europe have Scandinavian. Initially, the Vikings were exclusively fishermen and farmers and throughout the Viking age, farming and fishing were the key activities practiced during this era. These individuals took advantage of fertile soils and well-stocked fishing grounds to ensure that they produce enough food for consumption. Most of them were farmers and some of the crops they cultivated include barley and oats plus a variety of fruits and vegetables. In addition, they raised livestock including goats, pigs, cattle and sheep and they as well practiced crafting as they had the ability to make use of raw materials to make various tools and equipments they needed. Moreover, they built long and slender ships called longboats which they used for raiding and shorter and broader ships known as knorrs for trading activities and they built a small rowing boat for fishing. In the Vikings society, those in the upper class were referred to as jarls and they were followed by a class of farmers and craftsmen who were called Karls, however, the lower class was occupied by the slaves also called thralls.

Consumer behavior Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Consumer behavior - Coursework Example Therefore, the company should conduct trainings for its staff in order to enable the staff to satisfy the customers (ConsumerAffairs.com). Complaints against Disney According the complaints posted on an independent website by consumers, it can be inferred that Disney does not treat its customers empathetically. There have been complaints against the Disney cruise by a number of customers. According to one of the customers, he booked a cruise and received a booklet only to find out the dates were incorrect. When he called to find out the problem, he was told that there could be no modifications and the charges to cancel the booking were unusually high. Therefore, Disney should revise its policies to make them consumer friendly (ConsumerAffairs.com). Complaints against Saturn Saturn is a popular car but there have also been complaints about it by a number of consumers on an independent complaints website. According to one of the consumers, the key got stuck in ignition and the consumer was unable to turn down the engine. According to the consumer, the same problem was faced by a number of other consumers as well. Another problem had to face a problem with starting the car in cold or damn mornings. Similarly, other problems faced by consumers were locking of the ignition switch, problem with door locks, and automatic acceleration.

Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Federal Reserve - Essay Example The prevailing outlook over the next couple of months is definitely bleak, and it seems the only way out of it is for the government to launch a stimulus plan to revive the floundering economy. There have been widespread calls for the government to stop these cuts, as these bargain basement policy rates are highly detrimental to the overall economy. Noted professors from Harvard University and big money management houses are imploring the central bank to stop these cuts, as these merely fuel inflation and help boost the prices of basic commodities. However, not all is lost on the nation's fiscal policy as there remains as lone bright spot. The weaker dollar has contributed greatly to stabilizing the economy and holding the fort while all havoc breaks loose. A much weaker dollar coupled with a growing global market has cushioned and reoriented the country's economy by boosting corporate profits. Excluding oil and other basic commodities, the country's fiscal situation is not as bad as it looks on paper. Even with that given, the fact still remains that it is the skyrocketing prices of commodities such as oil which serve as the primary culprit in this economic rut. Usually, whenever the country is in an extended recession the prices will cooperate and go down accordingly.

Making Friends & Making Them Count by Em Griffin Term Paper

Making Friends & Making Them Count by Em Griffin - Term Paper Example According to Em, â€Å"Friendship is an art†, and the book analyzes the shape of the art. (Griffin, 7-10). The book mainly focuses on the communication aspects required within a relationship. However, it also explains the basic necessities of understanding and maintaining a friendship. Synopsis of the Story: Em Griffin started his book with his views on the interpersonal communication describing it as a â€Å"process of creating unique shared meaning† (Griffin, 13). He took examples of certain games and illustrated them to make the readers understand the importance of communication, and how it is related to a friendship between two persons. Bowling, ping pong, and charades were used by him to compare the communication process in these games and in relationships. He compared the bowling game with communication in the way a ball is delivered by a bowler which passes through a lane and strikes the audience, quite similar to the process by which a sender delivers his messag e which passes through a communication channel and reaches the receiver. Em took ping pong as another example to explain how it takes two people to complete a communication process, like the way the game needs â€Å"two to play†. ... Thus Em used logical examples with the help of games to explain the importance of interpersonal communication. (Griffin, 13-16). Em also described the process of interpersonal communication through ten rules which are: (Griffin 1) â€Å"Interpersonal communication is a process†, (Griffin 2) â€Å"Interpersonal communication starts with the self†, (Griffin 3) â€Å"The chances for effective communication increase as people become aware of their motives for getting together†, (Griffin 4) â€Å"People communicate to reduce uncertainty†, (Griffin 5) â€Å"Words don’t mean things, people mean things†, (Griffin 6) â€Å"You cannot not communicate†, (Griffin 7) â€Å"Without identification, there is no communication†, (Griffin 8) â€Å"To reveal oneself openly and honestly takes the rawest kind of courage†, (Griffin 9) â€Å"Communication is irreversible and unrepeatable†, and (10) â€Å"Communication=Content+Relationshi p†. (Griffin, 18-22). Em stressed on the communication aspect because communication is the most vital factor in any interpersonal relationship. In relationships like friendships, ineffective communication may destroy a relation. On the other hand, according to Em, effective communication, following the above mentioned ten rules may not only build strong relation but also maintain them. Thus, through the ten rules as mentioned above, Em tried to explain that interpersonal communication is a process which encompasses an â€Å"ongoing transaction†. When the transfer and getting of messages occur simultaneously, effective communication occurs. According to Em, interpersonal communication starts with the self because some people have a â€Å"self-concept† which may be an overestimated image and may affect the actions he takes, hurting relationships. When

Lakewood WA Police Department Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lakewood WA Police Department - Essay Example It successfully communicates with people from different backgrounds and also provides vital information, advice, and any time police assistance. Unlike the other police forces, Lakewood Police Department is unique for its objectives and functions. Lakewood police force is specially made for the enforcement of civil and criminal laws, holding the position of court compliance office and community service office, animal control, juvenile code enforcement etc. As per the ordinance No. 00471, the Police Department operates under the direction of City’s Chief Law Enforcement Officer, the Chief of Police, subject to the supervision of the City Manager. The Chief of the Police is appointed by the City Manager in accordance with the law and policies of city of Lakewood. In accordance with the relevant laws all other subordinates shall be appointed by the Chief (Ordinance No. 00471.City Council meeting minutes of March 17 2008). According to the regulation in Lakewood police, there are five office assistants, two evidence custodians, one crime analyst, one fleet manager, one evidence supervisor, one administrative assistant, one administrative supervisor and one administrative lieutenant all of whom contribute to the daily workings of the department (Administrative Unit). However the strength of the whole department has increased in the 21st century: â€Å"Lakewood’s 21st century department has 131 staff members, 105 commissioned , 12.5 community service officers, 2 animal control officers and 13.5 civilian support staff† (About the Department). The Department is divided in to several divisions for its smooth functioning. Among them Criminal Investigation Unit is one of the outstanding wings which includes Robbery Assault Unit, Special Assault Unit, Special Operations Unit and The School Resource Officer Program. Crime against persons like murder, robbery, kidnapping and missing cases come under the Robbery/Assault unit. The Special Assault

Psychology Supervision Essay Example for Free

Psychology Supervision Essay Culture basically means the pattern formed by the thoughts, actions, customs traditions of humans living in an inter-related community, be it racial, ethnic, religious or social. It is based on the beliefs, values behavior of the people involved. No matter where you are situated, around the world, culture plays the vital role in an individual’s social vocational life. It is significant in every institution to practice cultural competency, which may help it to operate efficiently. â€Å"Cultural competence is a developmental process and may be viewed as a goal toward which agencies can strive. † (T. Cross et. al. as cited in University of Minnesota Duluth) Cross- culture environment in offices, educational institutes etc. are not uncommon these days especially in well developed countries like America where the demographic rate comprises more of ethnic racial minority groups. This fact ultimately poses a great challenge for all professional educational organizations. Since it is not very easy, to create a healthy happy environment among diverse groups. The reason for that are different beliefs traditions of each group may not mix well with the other, hence, sprouting problems among colleagues. CULTURAL DISPARITY:    Cultural competency maybe defined as a combination of multiple thoughts, behaviors personality traits belonging to a number of cross cultural members, however following the same patterns thus increasing the proficiency of an organization or group. The main issues that are faced often in cross cultural groups causing cultural disparity are the diverse ethnic religious beliefs of its members. In educational institutes this problem is significantly in attendance, causing psychological differences among the students even the teachers. The course outline may or may not reflect each individual’s values beliefs, hence disturbing the social harmony. It is vital to form a non judgmental respectful attitude in the organization in order to achieve harmony.   Ã‚   Racial, ethnic even gender bias is present in every society institution. Many a times the female students face difficulties in accomplishing their goals presenting their thoughts on various women related issues due to strong opposition from the male members of the group. It is a dilemma not just present in our society but around the globe that men are considered to be the highest decree of human race women are believed as their contrary. This contemplation creates a rift among the male female members of any group. The same goes with ethnic minorities who face criticism on their appearance different accent making them feel isolated disparaged from the society.    When dealing with multicultural clients, it often trigger discrepancies among the worker the client as a result of contrasting opinions due to miscellany in areas like religion, culture, race, gender, family backgrounds ethics. The reasons for these disagreements are usually the rejection of one’s expectations, therefore resulting in the failure of venture. Learning from one’s past mistakes is the best way to improve. Helping respecting each other will result in a constructive outcome. The educational institutes should take care in designing a study course, so that it suits to every individual’s mind no matter which culture he or she belongs to. Cultural knowledge s should be a part of studies so that students may learn about different values customs learn to respect them.    Being multilingual, having different skin color or following a diverse religion does not make an individual different from others. Being a human being, it is the responsibility of every person to respect support each other. This approach will surely create an amicable environment in work places, educational institutes etc. every organization should have some ethical code regarding minority groups, but not to make them feel segregated or disparate from their colleagues. Dealing with multi cultural clients involve tact proper accord of their priorities decisions. Culture plays an essential role in developing one’s mind thought pattern. Revolutionizing the behaviors policies of employees will help create cultural competence successfully.

The Musculoskeletal Injury Health And Social Care Essay

The Musculoskeletal Injury Health And Social Care Essay Work related musculoskeletal disorders are a group of painful disorders of muscles, tendons, and nerves. Work activities, which are frequent and repetitive, or activities with awkward postures cause their disorders, which may be painful during, work or rest. People working in the IT sector may experience various musculoskeletal disorders. Around the world it has been shown that about 20 million people were experiencing various musculoskeletal discomforts every year. Literatures state there was a strong association between the long working hours and the musculoskeletal discomfort. Various studies has postulated that work related musculoskeletal disorders are very common in sedentary people, but no study has briefed about the prevalence of WRMSD in office workers and the soft ware professionals. The purpose of the study is to find out the prevalence of various msk disorders in software professionals. Descriptive study design, which includes 300 software professionals with not less than 1 year of work experience were selected. A self reported questionnaire was given to all the participants and asked them to fill it up. The data were later analyzed and evaluated for analysis. The study result shows the Low back pain ranks first in the WRMSD and followed by Neck pain. 1. Introduction Work related musculoskeletal injury is an injury that results from a single instantaneous exposure or multiple or prolonged exposure to the work environment leading to death, lost work time, medical treatments, work restriction, or transfer to another job. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are aggravated by work that can affects the upper limb, low back area and the lower limbs. WMSD can be defined as impairments of bodily structures such as muscles, joints, tendons, nerves and bones. The risk of male workers suffering from an MSD is 1.3 times higher than the risk to female workers: 35/100,000 compared to 27/100,000. In terms of (self-reported) work-related MSD complaints, the risk is only slightly higher among male workers (1.07 times higher). The work related musculoskeletal complains increases with age. At the age of 55 yr to 64 years the number of self reported symptoms is 1.7 times higher than the age of 25-34 yrs. Permanent disability and absenteeism is due to various musculoskeletal disorders. Computers are embodiment of modern life and being used in everyday life. IT industry reaches every facet of society. It is a Boom to the world, but long term, uninterrupted computer usage stresses the musculoskeletal system, vision and emotional equilibrium. Sitting in awkward positions or using wrong unfitted chairs in front of the computer for a longer duration may lead to chronic debilities such as stiffness, headache, and back ache. Muscle and tendons become inflamed due to prolonged period of sitting in front of the computers. Soft ware professionals use excessive force to operate key boards, keeping wrist and hand in wrong positions, undesirable work place environment repeated stress to the joints which may lead to various musculoskeletal disorders. Such micro trauma may end up in macro trauma which cause increased sickness, work absenteeism, and decreased job satisfaction. Physical factors, psychological factors and organizational factors as well as individual factors are all thought to affect the workers musculoskeletal health. Musculoskeletal complains in neck and back are very common in computer professionals and shows increasing trends. Prevalence of these musculoskeletal disorders during recent years leads to sickness absenteeism. The symptoms of the work related musculoskeletal injuries include pain, discomfort, tingling and numbness without evidence of any pathology. Human body was designed to adapt various physical stress, but repeated stress in an awkward posture potentially end up with various musculoskeletal disorders. So far there is no literature which extensively found the prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal symptoms; this study aims to find out the prevalence of various musculoskeletal disorders in software professionals. 2. Methodology Study is a descriptive study design, the study includes 300 participants from various IT sectors. The study was carried out for a duration of 6 months from the period May 2008 to October 2008. The study includes the soft ware professionals with the age group of 25-40 years, Both sex were included, IT professionals with at least 2 yrs of work experience. Professionals with msk injuries, work time more than 40 hrs per week, and desk job workers. The study excluded subjects with neurological involvement, any recent fracture, patient with multi joint pain, fibromyalgia like symptoms, professionals with congenital abnormalities, and unwilling subjects. The study uses work analysis for computer professionals questionnaire. The questionnaire was a self reported one which was created by the researchers and the questionnaire was validated by 2 senior physiotherapists and 2 senior ergonomic consultants. The questionnaire includes Demographic data as Section 1 and musculoskeletal injury data in section 2. The survey questionnaire was distributed to every individual subject. 10 subjects per day was selected and given the questionnaire and asked them to fill up. Approximately 25-30 mins were given to fill up the questionnaire. There was a clear explanation about the questionnaire was given to the employers prior to the distribution. The employers queries were cleared up simultaneously and the filled up questionnaire was collected and assigned for analysis. After collecting the questionnaire the employers were thanked for their active participation and advised to take up treatment in the outpatient department. The study was approved by institutional ethical committee. 3. Data analysis Result Percentage analysis was done using the formula. The table I shows the Demographic data Table 1 Age group (years) 25-28 29-31 32-35 36-38 39-40 No of subjects 84 77 62 47 30 Figure 1 Table 2 shows the ratio of male female subjects who participated in the study Table 2 Age group (years) 25-28 29-31 32-35 36-38 39-40 Total Male 45 42 38 32 20 177 Female 39 35 24 15 10 123 Total 84 77 62 47 30 300 Figure 2 Table 3 shows the common areas of musculoskeletal involvement Table 3 Areas Back Neck Shoulder Wrist hand Elbow Knee Others No of subjects involved 105 82 40 30 18 10 15 Figure 3 4. Result and Discussion The demographic representations of the participants are mentioned in table 1. Age group of the participants varies from 25 yrs to 40 yrs and about 30 % from 33-34 yrs, 27% from 25-27 yrs, 20% from 25-27 yrs, and 22.5% from 25-27 yrs. The gender classification was mentioned in table2. The male participants were 177and the female participants were 123. The musculoskeletal analysis was mentioned in table 3. The table shows that Low back pain ranks first of all the musculoskeletal disorders. 35 % of participants complains of back pain where as 27% of participants complains of neck pain. 14 % complains of shoulder disorders, 10% complains of wrist problems, 6% on elbow, 3% on knee, and 5% on others. The musculoskeletal injury was analyzed in percentile values shows that Low back pain shows 66% of male suffered when compared to 34% of females, the most prone age group is 29yrs -38 yrs. Neck pain is common in males with 56% and the females with 44%. The shoulder pain was 60% and 40% in male to female comparison, Wrist pain is equal in both the groups 50% each. Elbow and knee pain were shown about 56% and 60% in males where as 44% and 40% in females. This study identifies that pain related to vertebral column is the most than the peripheral region, the observation by shah et al., 1999, found next to ocular symptoms the musculoskeletal pain symptom are most common. Giri et al., 2010, stated in his study that neck pain ranges 58% in computer professionals next to ocular symptoms. Factors which includes the work procedures, use of equipments and environment that lead to various biomechanical stress on muscles, ligaments, tendons spinal nerves and disc. Multiple causes for musculoskeletal injuries may include Repetitive activity, awkward postures and maintenance of static posture for long duration. Ferreria et al.,1997, identified in a retrospective study that musculoskeletal disorders are the most common in call centre workers. Toomingas et al., 2003, conducted a year assessment for the computer users in other professionals and found that the musculoskeletal complains was more in the professionals. There is an increase in demand of computer workers in the modern office settings and working in the poor posture may lead to various musculoskeletal disorders. Carter 1994 recommended musculoskeletal discomfort are experienced by many VDT operators in telecommunication industry and that may result in chronic disability. NIOSH , 1997 studied the epidemiological view on the work related musculoskeletal disorders and found that various body parts includes neck, shoulder , elbow , back and wrist and hand are commonest area which gets frequently involved in WMSD. The physical or task related risk factors includes repetition of force, posture, vibrations, static posture and temperature are the major causative factor for WMSD. (Mc Cauley Bush 2011). There are various hypothesis describes why the software professionals are more prone to have musculoskeletal injuries. This includes 1) Long duration of sitting in awkward postures. 2) Use of wrong body mechanics during work hours 3) Poor knowledge on working atmosphere (Unaware about the seating, chair design, chair height, monitor positioning ectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) 4) Life style modification 5) Excessive stress at work 6) Incorrect and inappropriate timing of food consumption 7) Shift work (affects sleep style, sleep cycle). The study was limited only to IT professionals and it includes both shift workers, no interventions were given to the participants. Individual problems was not identified, future studies may promote rehabilitation for the patients with musculoskeletal injuries. Other areas are not in considerations like eye, hearing, tension headache and stress. 5. Conclusion In this study we conclude that the musculoskeletal ailments are very common in software professionals and the most common ailment is Low back pain. Acknowledgement We thank my Chairman Padmashri Dr.G.Bakthavathsalam, Mrs.Vaijayanthi M. das, Director of Education, Mr.R.Prabhukumar, HRD manager, Prof.V.Mohan Gandhi, Chief physiotherapist, and Prof. S. Ramesh,MPT, Principal, K.G.College of Physiotherapy, for their continuous support and guidance for completion of this study, and lastly to all Staffs , Friends, Students of K.G.College of Health sciences for their valuable support for this study.

Study Drugs: A Students New Best Friend? Essay -- Research Science Sc

Study Drugs: A Student's New Best Friend? Many people who want to lose weight wish there was a â€Å"magic pill† that would eliminate the process of dieting and exercising. Those looking for fun, have the â€Å"love pill† commonly known as ecstasy. In an age where everything comes to us so easily, where feelings don’t have to be felt but chemically induced instead, one might address a common problem college students face hoping to find a simple solution. Stuck in the library with a term paper due the next morning and thoughts of your empty bed just waiting for you is not a far fetched scenario for most college students. A cup of coffee can only do so much and with grades falling as fast as the temperature one resorts to other measures to stay awake. Putting it simply: study drugs. Take Lily* for example, a junior at Northeastern University. Lily tired herself out living the ideal college person’s social life. She slept all day and spent the majority of her night going to clubs, parties and bars around the city. This suited her fine until the dreaded days came when she realized she had two term papers due the next day and a test. Sitting in her room Lily wonders how she can do it all in one night. Just like the overweight she wanted a quick solution. Fortunately, unlike the overweight who don’t have the good fortune of having a pill ready to them, she did. When coming face to face with the aftermath of procrastination some students turn to study drugs. Medication such as Ritalin, Adderall, and Dexederine that are prescribed to those with attention deficit disorder, a neurological disorder that those with poor attention spans are diagnosed with, have proved to give those without the disorder, such as Lily, an extra energy b... ... Internet so I knew exactly what to tell the doctor. After that, he gave me a prescription. Now I am all set.† It is virtually impossible to keep track of those that are using the drug illegally. After all there is not law against college students carrying their own medication. This leaves plenty of opportunity for people to use and abuse the drug. All is not lost. Programs and campaigns around college campuses can help reduce the usage and addiction of study drugs. Lane Health Center at Northeastern University can use multiple measures to prevent study drugs usage by students from various walks of life. For example, alternatives should be offered in order to not only send the message of â€Å"drugs are bad† but also â€Å"there are other things you can do.† "I think people get addicted to what you can accomplish with it more than the actual drug," Lily said.

The Second World War (WWII) Essay -- World War 2 II Two

World War I has often been referred to as the â€Å"Great War.† This is a rather deceiving statement being that over 65 million men fought, and over 37 million men died in a war that lasted 4 years. World War I was, also, referred to as the â€Å"War to end all Wars.† Yet, 20 years later that statement would no longer be true as WWII erupted in 1939. When WWI ended with no real purpose served, it became apparent that a peace conference needed to occur and that someone had to pay reparations for the damage done. So, many representatives from different European and North American countries met and formed the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty was harsh and punishing towards Germany, whom the rest of Europe felt was to blame for the war. However, the question asked at that time, and still today, is who is to blame for the â€Å"Great War† that is known for its great destruction to a generation? Many historians would agree that Germany was solely to blame for World War I. They would argue that Germany brought other countries (mainly Britain) into the war by invading neutral Belgium. They would, also, argue that by invading Belgium, Germany exercised a nine year old war plan to attack France. The move was offensive by Germany and therefore France and Britain were just defending their allies. Germany was again blamed for the repercussions of World War I because of their shady past with France. In 1870, Germany and the Prussian Empire defeated a highly confident French army. From this period on un...

Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues - Same-sex Marriage is Inevitable Essa

Same-sex Marriage is Inevitable      Ã‚  Ã‚   For many parents, the marriage of their child is a very happy and proud time. Most parents expect their children to get married and have children. But what if their child is gay or lesbian? Their child may have met the perfect person to spend their life with, but their child cannot get legally married. Same-sex couples can hold wedding ceremonies, but the law does not recognize these unions. Many heterosexuals take for granted the benefits that are extended to their spouse by way of legal marriage. These benefits do not extend to homosexual couples, because there is not a law that recognizes same-sex marriage. Gay marriage is not legal because of state and federal laws, as well as the traditional views of the American public.    There are many state laws that prevent gay marriage. An interesting background to the gay marriage issue is the issue of interracial marriage. In 1967, the state of Virginia had the case, Loving v. Virginia, go to the US Supreme Court that dealt with interracial marriage. The ruling in this case entailed that Virginia's prohibition of different-race marriage was a violation of both the equal protection and due process clauses. Why not the same for gay marriage? Furthermore, many states have sodomy statutes. While most sodomy laws apply to both heterosexuals and gay people, they are primarily used to deny lesbians and gay men a range of other rights. Sodomy laws were once on the books in all fifty states, but they have been repealed or struck down by courts in over half the states. In Texas, heterosexual sodomy laws have been repealed in recent years, but same-sex sodomy laws remain. (Bull 39,44) Sodomy is defined in most places as oral and anal intercours... ... looks back at the ridiculousness of sex and race-based discrimination.    Works Cited   Bull, Chris. Scene of the Crime. The Advocate. October 27, 1998. Cloud, John. For Better or Worse. Time Magazine. October 26, 1998. page 43. Eskridge, William N., Jr. The Case for Same-Sex Marriage. New York: The Free Press, 1996. Foley, Daniel R. The State of Gay Marriage. Family Advocate v20 n1 p39. Summer 1997 Kramer, Larry.Same-sex marriage, conflict of laws, and the unconstitutional public policy exception. Yale Law Journal. May 1997, v.106, n7, 1965-2008 Strasser, Mark. Legally Wed. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1997. pp. 50-52 United States. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on the Judiciary. Defense of Marriage Act : report together with dissenting views (to accompany H.R. 3396).U.S. DOCS. NO. Y 1.1/8:104-664      

How Successfully Does Marlowe portrayal of Faustus Essay

How Successfully Does Marlowe portrayal of Faustus reflect the attitudes and beliefs of Elizabethan times? Christopher Marlowe lived in a time of great change for England and the whole of Europe. New developments in the field of science were overturning ancient ideas about astronomy and physics and the discovery of the Americas had transformed the European views of the world. Christian and pagan beliefs interacted with each other in rich and often illogical ways, and signs of that complicated interaction are present in many of Marlowe’s works. We see the idea’s of Renaissance Europe through Dr Faustus in Dr Faustus. Doctor Faustus is a play of deep questions concerning morality, religion, and man’s relationship to both. Sorcery and magic were part of widespread belief systems throughout Europe that predated Christianity. These early beliefs about magic were present in medicine. Women in particular used a mix of magic and herbal medicine to treat common illnesses. But as Christianity spread and either absorbed or rejected other belief systems, practitioners of magic came to be viewed as evil. These themes are presented in Doctor Faustus especially the idea of religion. Many religious themes base don Elizabethan views are presented in the play. Pride is one of the Seven Deadly Sins, arguably the one that leads to all the others. Faustus’ first great sin is pride and he does not stop there. Reflecting the Elizabethean view, pride gives rise to all of the other sins, and ends ironically with the sinner’s downfall. This is clearly shown in Faustus. Dr. Faustus is a man possessed by himself, and blinded by his own intellect. By making a deal with the devil, Faustus trades his soul for satisfaction, and a greater field of study. He is selfish–wanting knowledge, power, and fun without having to work or take responsibility for it. As result of his selfish desires, he signs a contract with his blood trading his soul for his desires, eternal peace for eternal anguish, thus beginning his hardships which leads to him committing the other 6 sins becoming increasingly petty and low. Like Christian belief that it is Pride which lead for the Devil to be exiled from heaven, it to is behind Faustus’ downfall. Elizabethans had a strong view on hell. Hell was developed throughout the Medieval and Tudor times by the church to scare the ordinary people. It was widely believed that Hell is eternal, but so is heaven. For a Christian, all that is necessary to be saved from eternal damnation is acceptance of Jesus Christ’s grace. This belief can be shown in Faustus as early as Scence 3 where Faustus signs away his soul. Even after signing away his soul to the devil, Faustus has the option of repentance that will save him from hell. But once he has committed himself to his own damnation, Faustus seems unable to change his course. This of course leads to his damnation in the last Act. The play emphasizes the idea that if you turn away from God you will be damned. The play also however gives a different idea of what hell is. It was believed at the time that hell was a place and images of fire etc were widely used to show what it looked like. Marlow however gives us the view that it is just separation from God that is Hell. This is shown through Metatopholis in Act 1 Sc 3 when Faustus asks him how come he has left Hell. The idea of of a time of discovery took off in a major way when Dr Faustus was being written. Amrlow makes several references to this idea throughout the play. New lands were discovered by explorers like Christopher Columbus. A great deal of enthusiasm and optimism was generated by the fact that the world had quite literally become a much bigger place. When Fautus talks about what he wishes to do with his power in Act 1 Sc 1 Line 83 Fautus declares he intends to send spirits to â€Å"search all corners of the new-found world.† He also sends Met. To the other side of the world to fetch the Duchess some grapes in Act 4. This shows that like the scholars at the time Faustus to ahs an interest in exploration and discovery. Fautus also has an interest in expanding his knowledge. At the beginning of the book Fautus is alking to himself about what knowledge he wishes to have. He rejects a range of preoffessions including that of a Physican and lawyer. These professions were at the time seen as the â€Å"magicians† of their time. They were the well-educated people and at the time these people were behind the new ideas and the first stirrings of the scientific revolution. Copernicus proposed that the earth was in motion and orbited the sun, opposing all previous thinking on the subject. In Dr. Fautus in Act 2 Sc 3 Met. Tells Fautus the Renaissance view on the Universe. Marlowe was probably agreeing with them hence why he out it into his play. The idea of Faustus rejecting the profession he lists in Act 1 Sc 1 symbolizes the Elizabethan break with the medieval world, which prized authority above all else, in favor of a more modern spirit of free inquiry, in which experimentation and innovation trump the assertions of Greek philosophers and the Bible. Elizabethans believed they could achieve above what was realistically possible. This is verified in the introduction to Scene 1, where the story of Icarus is told. The story shows the consequences of over-ambition, and tells you what will happen to Faustus. Scene 1 also shows the Elizabethan need for extravagance, money and fame, lines 14-15 show how Faustus wants gold, and to be immortalized Alchemy was a complex of beliefs and ideas that involved chemistry, astrology and magic, with the scope to blend in ideas drawn from various religions. Magic was a theme that was explored in various plays at the Elizabethean time. Shakespeare was fascinated by magic and this is evident from his plays such as, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Hamlet and Macbeth. In his play Dr Faustus, Marlowe warns us of the dark power inherent in magic. Faustus sells his soul to the devil in return for knowledge and worldly success but his dream is eventually shattered. For Marlowe magic is a downright dangerous practise. He was here expressing the common belief that unlike the good magic praticsed by scholars and physicans Black magic was a dangerous place to go and that the occult could lead to a life of damnation. Throughout the play Faustus shows a keen interest in the occult In the opening of Act 1 Scene 3 we the audience see Faustus conjuring a devil. In Elizabethan times spells, folklore, superstition were a normal part of life. This is shown in Line 7-‘Seeing thou hast prayed and sacrificed to them’, where Faustus prepares for his conjuring act. It is ironic that he prays, as he does not believe in God. Following this ritual, he draws a circle around himself, to keep evil spirits from harming him. This is ironic once more, as he is conjuring the devil at the same time- who is surely the most evil spirit possible. The entire conjuring scene is set to challenge religion, as many Elizabethans did. This may have been because the religion is England at the time was very unstable and Elizabethan’s had to compel to what ever religion the law enforced on them. It is not just the Renaissance period Faustus highlights in his play. He also wrote a play he knew would appeal to his audience. The use of slapstick comedy in the play during such scene as making a mockery of the pope and his head falling off would have appealed to the lower uneducated class masses that he would have expected to view his plays. He wrote a simple humor for simple people to understand.

Health Care Delivery Systems Essay

Bursting the Health Care Bubble A source states that, the 30 million uninsured Americans have forced the United States to put part of the responsibility of health care into the government’s hands (Terry 116). By 2014, the changes in the health care system will be life changing for some, while others will have little to no effect by the reform. A surgery specialist from New York states that, â€Å"†¦46 million people in America lack access to health care and†¦ has been based on a person’s ability to pay† (Goldberg 6). Since 2010, the Health Care Reform Act already started making changes in our economy and will continue to do so until for many years, or the election of a new President. These changes will allow each person to have little to no excuse on why they are not taking responsibility of their health. As I sat patiently in the waiting room for my doctor who was twenty minutes late, I sat and watched the clock every few minutes until a nurse came to greet me. I couldn’t help but look around at the other patients next to me thinking†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"right, privilege, or responsibility?† Was it my right to be here, my privilege, or my responsibility? Going through the scenarios in my head, I could think of examples that could fall under each. A small child ran about the waiting room while her mom sat in her chair reading â€Å"Country Living†, an elderly couple sat holding hands to my left, also waiting patiently for someone to greet them. I could hear the medical assistants at the front desk gossiping and discussing insurance matters. I couldn’t help but feel sorry for them after learning what pain insurance companies could be. Originally, while sitting there unwearyingly for the doctor and watching the people around me, I thought it was a privilege to get to be one of the lucky ones that had insurance, which better allowed me to take care and responsibility of my own health. This then lead me to my next thought, the reason that I am here right now is because I am the one taking responsibility for my own health (†¦and maybe the help of my parents until I am 26†¦ hopefully). As the nurse called me back, I had finally come to a  conclusion. Health care in the United States is a responsibility, not a right and no longer a privilege. The responsibility of healthcare if shifting everywhere, whether it be changing into the hands of patients, medical personnel, or the government. According to www.dictionary.com, being responsible is being accountable. I feel that many American’s in the United States have trouble being accountable for their own actions, and like to put the blame on someone or something other than themselves. â€Å"Americans do not blame themselves for their health care problems†¦instead attributing the rising health care costs to the profits made by drug and insurance companies† (Blendon 636). Even from the standpoint of our country as a whole, many would like to believe that we don’t make mistakes and that we are better than the rest. Even on Google, there are many websites containing all the reasons that American’s think they are superior to other countries†¦ and sadly, there is a long list. Reality has to hit at some point, and someday I hope many of us can recognize that we aren’t perfect, and that in fact we do make mistakes, mistakes that can hold even the lives and the decisions of others. Thinking I am being proactive and taking responsibility for my own health, I finally get to see the doctor after not only a thirty minute wait in the lobby, but a two to three week wait just to see my family physician. Marshall Kapp, the director of Florida State University’s Center for Innovative Collaboration in Medicine & Law, states that â€Å"†¦practicing physicians in the United States are already extremely busy† he goes on to say that adding new patients to practices will only result in either more hours to the day or a longer wait to get into your doctor, depending on the physician because of the reform (418). Marshall Kapp fears that â€Å"†¦affordable health insurance†¦ may still fail at actually providing medical care† (416). Because each physician will have more patients, will each patient be receiving the right quality of care? Or even the right medical care at all because of the long wait? In the same article he goes on saying,  "According to an official of the American College of Physicians, ‘newly insured patients can anticipate difficulties gaining access to primary care, particularly in undeserved communities’† (416). More patients will then  cause a shortage of physicians in the United States. Another source goes on to say that â€Å"Americans’ are far less satisfied with the availability†¦of health care in their country than Canada and the British are with theirs†¦ Nearly three-fourths of Americans in 2003 expressed dissatisfaction with the availability of health care in their country† (Blendon 629). Although Americans no longer have an excuse on why they aren’t taking responsibility, will the number of patients decrease the quality of care or the access to a physician? The Health Care Reform Act is predicted to reduce health care costs, which will then lead people to receive preventative care and will also allow Medicare patients to receive a physical with â€Å"no direct costs or low costs to patients† (Terry 116). Terry begins to then say that â€Å"preventative medicine and chronic illnesses-for instance, diabetic patients- are going to have incentives and better coverage (116). Edward J. Dougherty, Senior Vice President of B&D C onsulting in Washington D.C.†¦ says, ‘There is a greater focus on preventative care, on wellness, on patient education, and intervention before an acute event or episode occurs. That provides opportunities for anyone†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Terry 116). The wise words of Dr. Baker that will haunt my brain forever went a little something like this, â€Å"As I was shaving this morning, I looked in the mirror and saw the person who was responsible for high health care costs.† Every time I look in the mirror, I am now disturbed by these same words, as I’m sure many of my other class mates are as well. Dr. Davis Goldberg goes on to tell a story of Joe Skin, â€Å"Joe Skin died of metastatic malignant melanoma because he could not afford the $100 it would have to cost him to see a local dermatologist two years earlier, when he only had melanoma in situ. Unable to afford the original fee, he left his pigmented lesion untreated, until a seizure from metastatic disease ended with him having multiple surgeries at a cost of $350,000 to tax payers† (Goldberg 6). I wonder if Mr. Skin looked in the mirror while he was shaving that morning to realize that he would be one of the reasons for high health care costs in America. Unfortunately, because Joe Skin didn’t have health insurance he decided to not take responsibility for his health, which then resulted in more problems than before and even resulted in death. This seems to be a  popular trend in the uninsured Goldberg states, â€Å"The uninsured also tend to wait longer and get sicker before seeing a doctor† (6), he then states that a popular trend among the uninsured is that they are â€Å"†¦less likely to receive recommended preventative and primary care services, face significant barriers to care and ultimately face worse health outcomes† (6). The overall attitude toward health care changes dramatically when you bring those who are uninsured into the health care industry. â€Å"Americans’ attitudes toward the health care system are related to difference between those with secure and comprehensive coverage, and those without it† (Blendon 628). A source states that, one of the purposes of the Healthcare Reform act is to better allow each person to take responsibility into their own hands, as well as â€Å"†¦lower health costs† (Terry 116). The responsibility and the cost of health care have been taken out of the physicians and the medical staff’s hands, and into those of the governments. Nathan Kaufman, Managing Director of Kaufman Strategic Advisors states, â€Å"It is a brutal fact that hospitals can no longer afford to delegate the responsibility and accountability of cost and quality of care to an independent medical staff of physicians practicing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (167). Like we have discussed earlier, the reform is supposed to help lower the costs, but Kaufman believes that â€Å"health care costs will contribute to the destabilization of the economy† (164). He then proceeds with Richard Foster, the chief actuary for Centers of Medicare & Medicaid Services, who also states that â€Å"†¦the new law will increase the nation’s overall spending on healthcare by $289 billion through 2019† (Kaufman 164). This budget will then cut the spending in other important areas, which will then raise our taxes once again to pay back the borrowed money (Kaufman 164). Dr. Baicker also states that â€Å"†¦ there is much less to fund public schools, roads, and other necessary public services† (Goldberg 6). Although the Healthcare Reform or PPACA seems to be a good idea in many ways, this is where it all seems to be a little bit fishy, and when life seems to be all great and dandy with the reform, we will eventually be hit with the reality of the damage that our government and what our decisions have caused us. Dr. Katherine Baiker also questions the concept of the PPACA stating, â€Å"Yet the question remains: What will work? What is the most effective way to ration  health care?’ (Godberg 6). There are consequences to most every situation, and I do not know if physicians or patients are prepared for the consequences that the PPACA will bring us. The question is not if there are consequences, but when will we be affected by them? According to â€Å"Americans’ Health Care Views of Care, Access, and Quality† states that American’s have little to no faith in their government and were ready for some sort of reform (624). With the Healthcare Reform Act already facing high disputes and the non-support from many health care providers and some politicians, and because we spend so much time building the reform up, our nation is not aware of what is about to hit. At some point, Americans are going to be forced with higher taxes, and I fear health care providers who are also not prepared for the consequences will be faced with, and will not get the benefits of the reform to its fullest. Dr. Blendon says that, â€Å"†¦ when issues like health care rationing, increased taxes, and longer waiting times are raised, public alternatives fall sharply† (641). Later in the article, he also begins to say that †Å"less than half† of the people agreed to pay higher taxes to achieve the goal of a â€Å"universal health plan† (Blendon 642). Kaufman states, â€Å"Those who recognize the existence of a bubble and prepare for its brutal realities can benefit when the bubble bursts† (167). He also begins to say that, health care providers who do plan for the bubble bursting, â€Å"†¦will be able to treat higher volumes of patients at lower predictable costs per episode, demonstrating measurable high quality and providing an exceptional patient experience† (167-168). For those who do not prepare themselves for the â€Å"bubble burst† who will be responsible? Everyone involved in the health care system will be responsible for some of the â€Å"lack of thought† that has gone into this health care reform. One of the man purposes of the reform is to also help the quality of care, which is one of the many responsibilities that physicians face in the health care industry. Although doctors have many patients, if a patient is taking the responsibility of taking care of their own health, then it is th e responsibility of the physician to provide the best quality of care. A source states, â€Å"Health reform policies currently envisioned to improve care and lower costs may have small effects on high-cost patients who consume most resources. Instead, developing interventions tailored to improve care and lowering costs for specified types of complex and costly patients may hold greater potential for â€Å"bending the cost curve† (Kaufman 166). Changing the quality of care isn’t done at no cost, but a source states that â€Å"†¦health care organizations must contribute on some level to promoting the highest quality of care, the greatest safety of the patient, and the best patient experience† (Liang 1426). Coming from personal experience, if a patient is satisfied with their visit(s) and receives the best quality of care and experience possible, the likelihood of them returning is much greater. In the article â€Å"Quality and Safety in Medical Care: What Does the Future Hold?†, brought up some interesting points about physician to patient relationships during their medical stay or the decisions made about their health. Doing so will make the patient more understanding and responsible for their own health. It is important for the physician and the patient to make decisions together and understand the benefits, consequences, and the outcome of each procedure. A source states that â€Å"†¦less t han one-half of hospitalized patients stated they were always involved in the decisions about their treatment, and almost one-third of the patients indicated they did not know who handled their care in the hospital† (Liang 1426). Allowing a patient to take more responsibility for their health is a lot harder when they have no idea what is going on. The quality of patient care affects the quality of a patient’s life. Dr. Blendon says, â€Å"†¦most Americans are satisfied with the quality of medical care they and their families receive, and they do not see the issue as a top problem† (648). A source states that â€Å"†¦ the Institute of Medicine has defined quality as ‘the degree to which health services for individuals and population increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge† (Schuster 3). When dealing with health care I believe that it is always the patients responsibility, but if the physician giving incentive to the patient stay proactive and understand what is going on, than how can the patient be responsible? The thoughts on health care are constantly changing, whether its people’s right to be provided with health care, whether it’s a privilege to be able to receive health care, or whether it’s the respo nsibility of those apart of the health industry and the patients to receive the right kind of health care. A source states that, â€Å"Finding ways of doing more with less will continue to be hospitals’ biggest challenge†Ã‚  (Hospitals are expected to do more with less 4). The health care reform will be in full force before we all know it. As a citizen and patient, I know that it is my personal responsibility to keep proactive on my health, help make decisions for my fellow American’s to make the best health system possible. So every morning, when I stare into the mirror, I know that the reason the health care industry is the way it is, was because I made it that way. Health care is a responsibility, not a right and no longer a privilege.

Local Law Enforcement Essay

Stages/Steps in the Hiring Process: First step is the applicant processing division to identify the most qualified applicants. Second step is the Pre-hire interview, next is a medical exam and then take a written psychological test. Next one will take a job standard test and an oral psychological interview. Last but not least a character investigation and any other additional requirements under exceptional circumstances. Specific Requirements: Applicants must be at least 17 ½ years of age by the last day of filing of the exam they are applying for. . Those applicants who are 35 and over and have active United States military service may deduct up to six years from the age requirement. If by mail: Applications must be submitted/postmarked by the filing deadline of the exam they are applying for. Candidates must be at least 21 years of age on or before the day of hire. Candidates must be a United States citizen on or before the day of hire. On or before the day of hire, candidates must have successfully completed either: Sixty (60) college credits with a 2.0 G.P.A. from an accredited college or university, or Two (2) years of full-time, active military service in the United States Armed Forces with an honorable discharge and have a high school’s diploma or its equivalent. Candidates must reside either within one of the five boroughs of New York City or one of the surrounding counties of New York City; Suffolk, Westchester, Orange, Rockland, Nassau or Putnam Counties on the day of hire. Candidates must possess a valid, unrestricted New York State Driver’s License on the day of hire. Candidates must pay a $75.00 fee for fingerprinting as part of the investigation process. Candidates must pass a drug/alcohol screening. Candidates must pass a character and background investigation. Pay Scales: Police Academy 44,744; after 6 months 46,288; after 1.5 years 48,173; after 2.5 years 53, 819; after 3.5 years 58,786; after 4.5 years 62,455; after 5.0 years 69,005; after 5.5 years 90, 829. †¢Candidates must compete in the required written examination and pass additional screening procedures. †¢Candidates must be legal residents of Nassau County, Suffolk County, Westchester County or one of the five boroughs of New York City at time of appointment and maintain residency. †¢Candidates must be at least 17 but less than 35 years of age on the date of the written exam; provided, however, that time spent on military duty or on terminal leave, not exceeding a total of 6 years, shall be subtracted from the age of any applicant who has passed their 35th birthday, as provided in subdivision 10-a of Section 243 of the New York State Military Law. †¢Candidates must be citizens of the United States at time of appointment. †¢Candidates will be required to submit to a background investigation prior to appointment. †¢Candidates must possess a valid New York State driver’s license at time of appointment. †¢Appointments are determined on an individual basis by the Nassau County Civil Service Commission, however, anyone with a felony conviction may be excluded from being a Nassau County Police Officer. †¢No college education is required to take the written examination; however, 32 credits of college education are required for appointment. Those candidates who have not attained that level of education but are otherwise eligible for appointment will remain on the eligible list and will become eligible for appointment after they have obtained the necessary college credits. Pay Scales: Get paid while you train in the Police Academy;$34,000 starting salary;$107,319 after 9 years;12% shift differential; Education incentive pay Title of Agency (3): City of New York Department of Correction Web Address: http://www.nyc.gov/html/doc/html/home/home.shtml Stages/Steps in the Hiring Process: The primary responsibility of the Applicant Investigation Unit is to ensure the New York City Department of Correction hires the most qualified candidate to join the uniform members of service. The candidates are investigated, evaluated medically, inclusive of an agility test, and physically to determine their fitness for duty in all aforementioned areas. The New York City Department of Correction investigates thousands of candidates; however, only the most qualified for the position are selected.

How Can We Become a Good Citizens? & Ways to Be a Good Citizens

A good citizen is one who properly fulfills his or her role as a citizen. There are many opinions as to what constitutes a good citizen. Theodore Roosevelt said, â€Å"The first requisite of a good citizen in this Republic of ours is that he shall be able and willing to pull his weight. † Education is sometimes viewed as a prerequisite to good citizenship, in that it helps citizens make good decisions and deal with demagogues who would delude them. Roger Soder writes that in a democracy, where the demands of good citizenship are placed upon all, â€Å"only the common schools can provide to all the education that all need. † Science literacy is also frequently touted as a key to good citizenship. Good citizenship is sometimes viewed as requiring both intellectual skills (such ascritical thinking) and participatory skills (such as deliberating civilly, monitoring the government, building coalitions, managing conflict peacefully and fairly, and petitioning, speaking or testifying before public bodies). Henry David Thoreau wrote that men who serve the state making â€Å"no free exercise whatever of the judgment or of the moral sense†¦ are commonly esteemed good citizens. † Orit Ichilov notes that children â€Å"tend to perceive the government in the image of an ideal father that is benevolent and protective. At this stage, the good citizen is characterized as one who, through his behavior, proves himself one worthy of the love and protection of the government rather than one possessing certain political obligations and rights. Through their early school years, children usually continue to think in apolitical terms of their citizenship, expressing loyalty by their desire to remain in their country due to an attachment to its beauty, wildlife, and good people. By age twelve or thirteen, they begin referring more to political qualities, such as the nature and values of the regime. High school seniors define the good citizen primarily in political terms. Some students defin e good citizenship in terms of standing up for what one believes in. Joel Westheimer identifies the personally responsible citizen (who acts responsibly in his community, e. g. by donating blood), the participatory citizen (who is an active member of community organizations and/or improvement efforts) and the justice-oriented citizen (who critically assesses social, political, and economic structures to see beyond surface causes) as three different types of â€Å"good citizen. † Sometimes incentives prevail over desires to be a good citizen. For example, many people will avoid coming forth as witnesses in court cases because they do not want to deal with the inconvenience and red tape. Aristotle makes a distinction between the good citizen and the good man, writing, â€Å"†¦ there cannot be a single absolute excellence of the good citizen. But the good man is so called in virtue of a single absolute excellence. It is thus clear that it is possible to be a good citizen without possessing the excellence which is the quality of a good man. † Specifically, in his view, the good citizen is measured in relation to ruling and being ruled, the good man only in ruling. Some of the ambiguity is likely due to more than one Greek word being translated â€Å"good. Many organizations attempt to promote â€Å"good citizenship. † For example, the Boy Scouts of America published Scouting for Boys: A Handbook for Instruction in Good Citizenship, and theOntario Medal for Good Citizenship is given to those who are deemed to have made outstanding contributions to the well being of their communities without expectation of remuneration or reward. Another non profit or ganization, Good Citizen, has a mission to teach Americans how to be effective citizens and focuses on 100 citizen actions. Ways to be a good citizens. We can probably be a good citizen if we follow the given instructions 1. We must obey rules and regulations. 2. We must respect all nationalities. 3. Stand for the right of others. 4. We must be helpful and considerate, willing to put others first. 5. We must listens to the views of others and thinks about what they have to say. 6. We should helps people who are not in a position to help themselves. 7. A responsible citizen always respects the environment and does not damage it in anyway. 8. We must work hard as well as willing to learn new things. 9. We must be well mannered and pleasant.

Should technology be use in classroom Research Paper

Should technology be use in classroom - Research Paper Example The paper outlines all pros and cons of using modern technologies at schools. Technology is an alternative to the teacher; in instances when the teacher in not available or there is a shortage of them technology can be used instead of the teacher. Technology in the classrooms will reduce use of chalks that is associated with causing breathing problems caused by chalk dust. This will improve hygiene to the teachers and students and also make work easier. The teacher will not have to write on the board as the writings will be displayed on the screen. The use of internet will help teacher share information and develop the timetables and curriculum ad share among themselves without coming meeting. It is also possible for student to get instructions from the teachers while they are still in the staffroom or when they are far. This is made possible by use of intranet and internet. With technology, it will encourage student to learn more as they have more freedom. They can also learn what t hey want to learn and at the time they like. This reduces boredom and dependence on the teacher for education. Also, we find that the students can get their teachers work without coming into contact with the teacher. This is made possible by using technology like internet. Technology use does not require use of special classes. Students can learn their subjects from one point without shifting to another area. They only require the presence of a computer that will provide the necessary concepts of the subject.

Produce an individual 1600 word report summarising the key issues Essay

Produce an individual 1600 word report summarising the key issues raised in the article. The summary should include references f - Essay Example A number of law suits have been slapped on the fast food industry, citing its failure to label its food as containing high cholesterol, fat and salt. Carlo Petrini founded Slow Food Movement in 1986, in the Cuneo province in Italy, which was a response to a McDonalds being opened in the Piazza di Spagna in Rome (Petrini and Watson, 2001, p.22). This nonprofit making organization has its headquarters in Bra in the Italian Alps and the membership is voluntary and free. The main objective of the Slow Food Movement is to encourage participation in traditional preparation and eating of food and also promoting local products. Its symbol is the snail which might be the organization’s way of telling people to take eating and life in general easy as compared to being on the fast lane (Hayes and Laudan, 2008, p.921). But this should not be taken to mean that its pace in creating the effect it wants is slow as well. The Slow Food Movement has its own manifesto called the Ark of Taste Man ifesto and its main aims are; protect the people who produce fine food from the standards of the industry, to protect endangered species such as animal breeds, cereals, fruits and cheeses from extinction. It also aims to encourage taste education, to stop the killing of the natural character of some production due to worry over hygiene and finally to ensure that people enjoy their rights to pleasure. For products to qualify as Ark products, they must; be of great quality and have a relationship with the area of production. They must also be produced in small quantities, be in danger of extinction and must be specific to a certain area (Jones et al 2003, p.300). The Slow Food Manifesto on Biotechnologies addresses the issue of transgenic foods these are genetically modified products, and it states that these foods cannot be justified just because they are cost effective. The other factors have to be considered such as the problems they bring to the environment, health, the society an d also if it is ethical (Wilk, 2006, p.33). The long term and short term effects of these genetically modified foods are not easy to identify. The biotechnologies will lead to disappearance of crops and plants that are traditional due to reduction in biodiversity, the manifesto says. The use of modified organisms on foods necessitates the use of plant protection products and large scale land exploitation which has negative impacts on biological diversity. Slow food also addresses its concern on the effects that the genetically modified foods might have on the taste and organoleptic range of cooked foods (Suri, 2008). People consume food and the pleasure it brings them might have negative effect psychologically and socially. Slow Food established a movement called Slow City in 1999 whereby Italian cities and towns encouraged people to be loyal to their culinary traditions thus improving their quality of life (Newman and Jennings, 2008, p.195). The Slow Food movement has grown from it s startup days where its main protest was about McDonalds to an international organization. It does not only seek to change the concept of fast foods but also the impact of technological and social and economic change. However it does not seem as if the Slow Movement can cause a big threat to the fast food industry.

Visuals and page design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Visuals and page design - Essay Example e of the measures that can be put in place include revoking or suspending drivers’ licenses for persons found of such offenses, confiscating number plates of such drivers, and increasing penalties for the crimes. On the other hand, the pedestrians must not use phone while crossing roads. Moreover, drivers must evade the use of phones at all times especially while driving or alighting from their vehicle since the same my interfere with their personal judgment while driving and distract them thereby placing other road users including themselves in gravies dangers. Road users must protect each other at all costs by ensuring they do not create, increase, and do any risky behavior while using the roads. Notably, the government and society have for many years cooperated in improving safety on our roads; therefore, for those who are unable to use the road safely must consider hiring or requesting for designated drivers. Statistics has it that most fatal accidents are caused by persons driving under the influence of alcohol among other drugs or persons with high content of alcohol in their blood (BAC). It is vital that all road users to have their 100 percent concentration on the road; hence, the use of phones while using the roads must be evaded at all costs. Opposed to the road accidents caused by mobile phone users, drunk drivers are known to cause most of the accidents. However, with strict traffic laws and sensitization, accidents caused through drunk driving have reduced drastically since 1982 from a height of 60 percent of total road accidents to 39 percent in 2005. Shockingly, the trend changed in 2005 in an increasing trend to 42 percent in 2010. This has been attributed for by the increased use of phone especially accounted for by the social media that seems to be taking the world crazy (Martinez 142). Changes in the percentage shows how better the society and the authorities have worked towards improving road fatalities; however, reinforcement of all other

Financial and Accounting Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial and Accounting Questions - Essay Example include a systematic representation of all the financial transactions carried on by an organization. These financial transactions are first identified, recorded and then communicated to the interested users in the form of financial statements. The users can be either internal managers of the organization or the outsiders like the stakeholders of the company (Kimmel, 2011, p.5-6). Out of many uses of these financial statements to its users, decision making is one of its most crucial aspects. Interpretation and financial analysis of these financial statements facilitates decision making process of a company. Business organizations have to take so many vital decisions on a regular basis. These strategic decisions, whether it is long term or short term, can either make or break a company. A company’s future is dependent the soundness and efficacy of the financial statements. Now in order to facilitate decision making, the financial statements prepared must exhibit relevant informa tion required by the managers to interpret and come to a decision. It includes information regarding relevant costs and revenues associated with it. A few examples of some vital decisions taken by an organization, requiring specific relevant information are as follows: Whether to make or to buy: Whether it is better to make the product within the company or whether it should be bought from outside by sub-contracting it to some other company is more often or not are to be decided upon the internal managers of the company. This often requires a comparative study of the relevant costs that are likely to be incurred in both the alternatives to come to the most cost effective decision. These costs data are provided by financial statements of an organization. Whether to increase output or sales: In order to decide whether to increase output or not, again a comparative study of the additional costs involved and the additional revenue that can be generated is required. This will give the es timate of the profits involved to help taking the decision. Decision to set up a new production line: Feasibility or viability of taking such investment decision requires projected figures of the running costs involved including the investments that would be required as well as the cash flows generated. These are all part of preparing financial statements that reflects these crucial financial elements of a business organization. Decision to put a hold or completely close down a business activity: This again requires information regarding avoidable costs and unavoidable costs involved in order to facilitate the management to take such decision which can only be analyzed through detailed financial statements of an organization (Bendrey, M, Hussey, R. & West, 2003, p.4-8). Thus, financial statements hold the key to various strategic decisions taken by business concerns in order to successfully run the business. b. Fundamental properties of reporting information identified by the IASB F ramework The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) Framework, also known as Conceptual Framework provides information and guidelines that are to be maintained while preparing and presenting financial statements. The standards that are set out contains information regarding concepts about objectives of financial stateme

Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) - Essay Example Clinical Decision Support Systems are "active knowledge systems which use two or more items of patient data to generate case-specific advice" (Wyatt J, Spiegelhalter D, 1991). Some successful systems such as 'Dxplain' and 'QMR' originating in the 1980s were successfully commercialized. There are compelling evidences for the effectiveness of CDSS for improved patient safety and improved quality of care. CDSS has been portrayed in a positive light by majority of reviews. The basic components of a CDSS include a medical knowledge base and an inference mechanism. It could be based on Expert systems or artificial neural networks or both. The computing techniques that are used to create CDSS are divided in two broad categories: For a clinically useful CDSS, the knowledge system should be based on best evidence and it should fully cover the problem. Also, it requires the capability to update the knowledge base. The system should be easy to use and its performance should be validated rigorously. A medical practitioner needs to deal with different kinds of data and knowledge and no single DSS model has the ability to manage all of them. In any advanced DSS model, data and knowledge are complementary; both are useful to take an appropriate decision in a complex domain like medicine. Due to heavy investme

Art in America - Abstract Expressionism Research Paper

Art in America - Abstract Expressionism - Research Paper Example The paper "Art in America - Abstract Expressionism" investigates the important style of American style, abstract expressionism. The movement was unregistered but strong. Some of its members included: Jackson Pollock (1912–1956), Willem de Kooning (1904–1997), Franz Kline (1910–1962), Lee Krasner (1908–1984), Robert Motherwell (1915–1991), William Baziotes (1912–1963), Mark Rothko (1903–1970), Barnett Newman (1905–1970), Adolph Gottlieb (1903–1974), Richard Pousette-Dart (1916–1992), Clyfford Still (1904–1980). All these members were committed to the audacious formal inventions in searching for significant substance. Their objective was to break away from normal subject matter and technical conventions. Their artistic works included head stoned scales works that were created to reflect their personal psyches. Doing this helped them to tap into worldwide inner sources. These artists attributed a lot of importa nce to spontaneity and improvisation as process accorded the highest significance. Their works resisted stylistic classifications, but emphasised on dynamism and energetic gesture rather than reflective and cerebral focus on color. Abstracts acted primarily as their imageries. Highly abstracted modern art was favored by the group even when depicting images founded on visual realities. Abstract expressionism is not a specific style within abstract art, but an American group or artists rebelled and formed an independent group which would give them a favorable environment.

Boatright Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Boatright - Essay Example Therefore, since the individual assumes the risks involved, he can be said to be contributorily negligent (Edwards, Edwards, and Wells, 2008). Individual autonomy incorporates moral and political values that dictate how individuals govern themselves, irrespective of their role in social structure, as well as political alienations. In addition, an individual’s moral principles and responsibilities, and the legality of political weight are critical in self-governing the individual (Christman, 2011). Kant investigates the ideas and concepts surrounding morality and elucidates commonsense ideas that are crucial in coming up with our moral judgments. In the case under study, the individual may have been under intense pressure to find a job because of the need to fend his family and himself. However, he was well aware of the risky conditions that were combined with the job he accepted. Based on the doctrine of volenti, the individual cannot be able to bring a claim to his employer because of his assumptions on the risks involved (Miller & Jentz, 2009). The plaintiff already accepted to take the risks involved in exchange for the job. Lundmark (1998) asserts that assumption of the risk is a volitional act, and it cannot be present if the claimant has no knowledge or awareness of the impending dangers associated with the job at hand. This doctrine provides a complete defense for the defendant since the individual can be held to have voluntarily accepted the risks involved with the job. However, in case the defendant is found to have committed any form of negligence, damages sustained by the plaintiff can be viewed to be inconsistent. Kant draws his views from moral philosophy and provides general judgments that are deemed to be deeply held. In addition, Kant argues that the moral judgments should be widely accepted and acceptable to

Of Mice and Men - George and Lennie Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men George and Lennie Essay How does Steinbeck present the characters of George and Lennie? During the Great Depression of the 1930s when America was plunged into financial crisis following the Wall Street Crash of October 1929, levels of unemployment and poverty were at an all time high. In this ear life was a struggle and the mentality of society became survival of the fittest, every man for himself. Migrant workers toured the country in search of labour to provide money for food typically sent to relatives living on the bread line elsewhere in America. These men lead lonely and emotionless lives, which are reflected through Steinbeck’s portrayal of his characters in his famous, yet bleak, 1930s novella ‘Of Mice and Men. ’ In the novel, George and Lennie’s relationship diversifies them from the other ranch workers for the reason that they rely on each other for support and companionship ‘I got you and you got me. ’ In particular, the dream they share of owning their own land, reflects the American Dream of being the ringleader of your own life with a level of self-sufficiency. Steinbeck first introduces the reader to George and Lennie at the beginning of the novel ‘a few miles south of Soledad’, in the evening of a hot day where rabbits sat ‘as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones. ’ Disrupting the tranquil atmosphere ‘two men emerged from the path’ as the place was newly ‘lifeless’ for a moment. At first, the author presents George and Lennie as typical migrant workers, both wearing ‘denim trousers and carrying ‘tight blanket rolls’ en route to their next ranch. After creating the impression that the pair are similar, Steinbeck reveals that actually this is not the case ‘behind him walked his opposite. ’ George inhabits a small body with ‘strong, sharp features’ whereas Lennie has a ‘shapeless’ face and a ‘huge’ body. Irrespective of their appearance, it is inferred that both George and Lennie are victims of society ‘restless eyes’ and ‘dragging his feet’ constantly on guard as well as fatigued from both work and travel. Further into the first chapter, we learn that George has a level of authority over Lennie and it could be suggested that he stands as a ‘father figure’ to him. As Lennie ‘snorts into the water’ George ‘sharply’ orders him not to drink so much and informs him to never ‘drink water when it ain’t running. ’ At this moment it becomes evident that Steinbeck intends to present George and Lennie as Master and pet; the only way Lennie can cope is to be like a tame dog, tethered always to his master George and never let out of his sight ‘God you’re a lot of trouble. As the pair settle for the night under the stars, Steinbeck uses Lennie’s character to portray that the pair desire simple possessions ‘I like ‘em with ketchup’ which they can only but dream of having ‘Well we ain’t got any. ’ In this scene Steinbeck intends to emphasise that George and Lennie are unfortunate and t he reader is able to sympathise with them because basic amenities are taken for granted in society today. The scene also exhibits the fact that although George and Lennie are migrant workers they do not fit the ‘typical’ profile, this being because during moments of violence George describes what life would be like if he did not have Lennie to take care of; if he was a lone traveller, a ‘typical’ migrant worker ‘I could stay in a Cat House all night or set in a pool room and play cards. ’ Although George sometimes sees Lennie as an inconvenience it is clear that Steinbeck wishes to present George a companion to Lennie ‘he looked ashamedly’ as well as loyal ‘I want you to stay with me, somebody’d shoot you for a coyote if you was by yourself. This is poignant because it demonstrates that although Lennie keeps George in ‘hot water’ all of the time, George continues to care for Lennie because he knows the consequences of Lennie travelling alone and perhaps is also frightened of being lonely himself ‘that ain ’t no good. ’ In the same chapter, Steinbeck first incorporates the 1930s American Dream ‘An live off the fatta the lan. ’ Lennie makes George tell the familiar story of the small farm he intends to buy, delighting in hearing that he has a future. Evidentially, George does not believe the dream will ever become reality as he rhythmically reels off the words to Lennie as a matter of habit rather than optimism. That said, it is clear that although George does not believe the dream will come true he is thankful to have Lennie by his side ‘somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us’ which perhaps implies that although Steinbeck presents the pair as victims, he also presents them as lucky in the fact that they have each other and care for each other enough to build a firm relationship. To Lennie the dream is all about the rabbits he intends to keep and pet, rather than an engine of hope which drives George to continue the struggle. Lennie excites in the idea that one day he will own a rabbit hutch ‘An’ have rabbits’ because he is unable to see further than his own desires, however George dreams of simplicities such as ‘how thick the cream is on the milk’ implying that all he would like is a stable home. Regardless of their differences in the importance of aspects ncluded in the dream, their dream bonds them together in a shared goal which is to get a ‘stake’ so they can buy ‘a little house and a couple of acres. ’ Many migrant workers shared in dreaming of a better future but had nobody to share it with as everyman was for himself, making George and Lennie’s relationship a rare occurrence. Towards the end of the first chapter, George tells Lennie that if he gets in trouble he should go and hide in the brush until George comes for him ‘I want you to come right here an’ hide in the brush. This is because George recognises the cyclic nature of Lennie’s behaviour and uses his clever nature to devise a plan, something which Lennie would never have thought of doing as he is unaware of his own strength therefore he needs George for survival in the same way a child needs their parents for protection from the outside world. When George and Lennie arrive at the ranch, George reminds Lennie that he is not to speak when they are interviewed by the boss because the boss will not allow Lennie to work on the ranch if he knows of Lennie’s mental instability. George excuses Lennie’s silence telling the boss ‘he got kicked in the head, just ain’t bright’ and assures the boss ‘He’s a God damn good skinner. ’ Here, Steinbeck presents George as the voice of the pair and Lennie as the labourer, it could possibly be inferred that Steinbeck intends to present them as a team rather than George’s one man band with Lennie walking behind because Lennie is strong and can work twice as fast as one man alone, boosting their reputation leading to more work and more pay to add to their savings for the farm. It is also noticeable that the boss has ‘never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy’ which infers not only that the boss surprised by George and Lennie’s relationship but also that because society was hostile and selfish the boss assumed that George was ‘takin’ his pay away. ’ This further infers that relationships were far and few for migrant workers during this era and that Steinbeck intends to present George and Lennie in the way he does because many would overlook the idea of a level of humanity during the 1930s. George’s companionship with Lennie staves of loneliness, but it also gives him a role in life; he has a clear task, looking after Lennie. When George explains the situation to slim in the second and third chapter ‘we kinda look after each other’, Slim offers the suggestion that ‘ever’body in the whole damn world is scared of each other. ’ Here the author offers the theme of violence because many people had lost the trust of those around them and were prepared to use violence to protect themselves, their belongings and any pride they had. George is honest with Slim ‘Made me seem God damn smart alongside of him’ admitting that early on it made him feel superior and he forced Lennie to do stupid things for the fun of it. However as his sense of shame stopped him, George began to realise that he is dependent on Lennie as much as Lennie is dependent on him because who would fight George if they knew they would have to fight Lennie as well. There are positives of George having Lennie, they defy the ethos of everyman for himself and at this stage it appears this is a key asset in their work. In the middle of the novella, George and Lennie both believe, for a short period of time, that their dream will come true ‘This thing they had never really believed in was coming true’ due to Candy’s offer of money for a place on the farm. Steinbeck demonstrates that although both men know their position, they easily become wrapped up in a fairytale unable to predict their fate of ‘grief and pain, instead of promised joy. ’ A significant part of the novel showing the devotion of George and Lennie’s relationship comes when Curley, bringing with him the theme of violence, picks a fight with Lennie. Showing his sense of justice, George won’t let Lennie get hurt as he is innocent ‘Get ‘im Lennie’, whereas the other men are reluctant to take sides; thinking of their own safety first. Experience with Lennie allows George to recognise Lennie’s strength and to encourage or discourage the use of it when appropriate. As the novel passes the midpoint when George leaves Lennie at the ranch to go to the local brothel with the other ranch hands, Lennie sees the light in Crook’s room and curiosity leads him inside. Crooks is not used to visitors in his room because of his black skin colour which he is heavily discriminated because of by the other ranch hands. He faces segregation and nobody ever wants to talk to him, this is why his bunk is away from the others. Lennie, being unaware of the social hierarchy ‘I thought I could jus’ come in’ is confused as to why Crooks is not wanted and so perseveres in conversation with him. Obviously, had George been around to keep Lennie on his tether, the situation would have been avoided. Lennie tells Crooks ‘me an’ him goes ever’ place together’ through this it is apparent that Lennie is totally dependent on George which Crooks sees as an opportunity to frighten vulnerable Lennie ‘s’pose he gets killed or hurt. ’ It is at this point where Lennie shows his sense of protection for George ‘Who hurt George? ’ and he begins to lose control of his strength walking ‘dangerously’ towards Crooks. Clearly, Lennie believes he should defend George because he is a friend, the man who is going to help him get the rabbits to tend; even when George is not around Lennie is constantly thinking about him and his safety, just as George worries for Lennie’s safety. As the novel draws to the end, Lennie’s lack of control over his strength becomes paramount. Stroking Curley’s wife’s hair, the atmosphere is relaxed and slightly playful as she prompts him to ‘feel how silky it is. When Lennie does not let go and Curley’s wife began to panic ‘struggled violently’ so does Lennie and he ‘began to cry with fright’ before he broke her neck and she ‘flopped like a fish. ’ Recognising that he has done a ‘bad thing’, Lennie acknowledges that he ‘shouldn’t have did that. George ‘ll be mad. ’ Significantly, Lennie has no moral judgement and things are ‘good’ or ‘bad ’ to him depending on what George would think of them; George could be perceived as the voice of Lennie’s conscience. Without George to guide him Lennie is lost, the pair are essential for Lennie’s survival. At the end of the novel, George becomes aware of the fact that Lennie has become a wild dog, needing to be ‘put down’ by his owner ‘I know, I know’ for the best intentions of both men. Features brought to George by his responsibility for Lennie, including his sense of shame and level of compassion and justice, all combine to force him to shoot Lennie and as Slim confirms, he ‘hadda. ’ Just before George releases the bullet, he encourages Lennie to think about the dream in order to ensure he dies in peace and happiness. This is significant in the relationship between George and Lennie as the other men from the ranch have no mercy for the ‘poor bastard’ it is only George who believes although Lennie should die, he should die a painless death. Overall, it is clear that Steinbeck presents George and Lennie as accepting victims of the economic crisis of 1930s America. He gives them a dream which should be realistic but is unfortunately out of touch and offers nothing but a chance of hope for better things to come, a reason to keep going. Ultimately, Steinbeck presents the pair as dependent on each other for their own needs. The reasoning behind Steinbeck’s use of George and Lennie comes from his intention to provide a novel that demonstrates that in the end fate is ways the winner no matter how you plan to avoid it. In this fiction, Lennie was like the mouse in the title; destined to die from the start as he is not fit for society and unfortunately George has to go on alone for himself because he recognises that with Lennie his too is closer to the hands of fate.